Defibrillators are used in hospitals and other medical settings, as well as public places like airports and schools. They are easy to use by anyone, including people without medical training. Defibrillators can be used to treat life-threatening arrhythmias like ventricular fibrillation (VF) and non-perfusing ventricular tachycardia. Defibrillation sends an electric shock that stops the heartbeat and allows it to beat normally. Defibrillators are most often used in emergency situations when someone goes into cardiac arrest, such as on the job or at public events. Defibrillators can be used by trained health care professionals in hospitals or by laypeople who have been given training and a defibrillator, such as the automated external defibrillator (AED) found in many places today. These devices have two electrode pads that are placed on the chest, one below the right shoulder and the other below the left nipple. These pads have conducting material in them to prevent burns and must be applied with a special kind of wet or solid gel. Once the pads are connected to the defibrillator, the machine checks the person's heartbeat and delivers an electric shock if needed. Defibrillators are the only way to help people survive cardiac arrest. For every minute that passes before a defibrillator is found and delivered, chances of survival diminish. A Defibrillators delivers a shock to the heart, stopping an irregular or life-threatening heart rhythm and restoring it to its normal rhythm. Defibrillation is used to treat dangerous arrhythmias such as non-perfusing ventricular tachycardia or ventricular fibrillation. The automated external defibrillator (AED) in hospitals is a device that prevents sudden cardiac death by treating dangerous heart rhythms. AEDs are designed for use by the general public, and they come with clear instructions for operation. An implantable cardioverter-defibrillator has computer cirduitry, a battery, and wires called leads that connect the generator to the heart. The leads are attached to electrodes that detect a life-threatening arrhythmia and deliver an electric shock to the chest. Generally, the first shock uses a lower energy level and increases in intensity over time. Defibrillators can deliver a high-energy electric shock to help restore a normal heart rhythm. They are used to treat life-threatening arrhythmias that can lead to sudden cardiac death, which occurs when the heart stops beating suddenly and completely. During defibrillation, the device analyzes the heart rhythm through adhesive electrode pads attached to the chest. It advises whether a shock is needed and delivers the electrical current through the pads, causing depolarization of the heart muscles and re-establishing a normal heartbeat. Defibrillators have different electrical waveforms to treat specific conditions. Early paddles required the application of a wet gel to ensure a good connection and reduce the resistance, or chest impedance that would otherwise burn the patient during defibrillation. Later devices were made with self-adhesive electrodes that do not require the need for wet gel. Defibrillators are available in implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICDs), which are surgically placed inside the body, and wearable cardioverter defibrillators, which rest on the surface of the skin. For people at a high risk of sudden cardiac death, these devices can save lives. Defibrillators can be used to treat a life-threatening heart rhythm called ventricular fibrillation. They deliver a shock using sticky electrodes, often known as paddles, which are placed on the chest. This stops the arrhythmia, and sometimes restores a normal heartbeat. Until recently, the type of electric current delivered through paddle electrodes was only one-way (uniphasic). Biphasic defibrillation is now common and decreases the energy needed to successfully defibrillate, and therefore reduces the risk of damage to the heart.
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